2006年英语二翻译(2022年五年级下册英语中文翻译)

#教育听我说#

Directions:说明

Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese, Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (10 points)

仔细阅读以下文本，然后将带下划线的部分翻译成中文，你的翻译应该清楚地写在答题纸2上。（10分）

Is it true that the American intellectual is rejected and considered of no account in his society? I am going to suggest that it is not true. Father Bruckberger told part of the story when he observed that it is the intellectuals who have rejected America. But they have done more than that. They have grown dissatisfied with the role of the intellectual. It is they, not America, who have become anti-intellectual.

美国知识分子真的被拒绝，在他的社会中被认为是无足轻重的吗？我想说这不是真的。布鲁克伯格神父讲述了部分故事，当时他观察到是知识分子拒绝了美国。但他们做的不止这些。他们对知识分子的角色越来越不满。反知识分子的是他们，而不是美国。

First, the object of our study pleads for definition. What is an intellectual? ( 46) I shall define him as an inpidual who has elected as his primary duty and pleasure in life the activity of thinking in a Socratic way about moral problems. He explores such problems consciously, articulately, and frankly, first by asking factual questions, then by asking moral questions, finally by suggesting action which seems appropriate in the light of the factual and moral information which he has obtained. (47) His function is analogous to that of a judge,who must accept the obligation of revealing in as obvious a manner as possible the course of reasoning which led him to his decision.

首先，我们的研究对象需要定义。什么是知识分子？（46）我将把他定义为一个个人，他选择以苏格拉底的方式思考道德问题作为他生活中的主要职责和乐趣。他有意识地、清晰地、坦率地探索这些问题，首先提出事实问题，然后提出道德问题，最后根据他获得的事实和道德信息，提出似乎合适的行动建议。（47）他的职能类似于法官的职能，法官必须接受以尽可能明显的方式揭示导致他做出决定的推理过程的义务。

This definition excludes many inpiduals usually referred to as intellectuals-the average scientist,for one . (48) I have excluded him because, while his accomplishments may contribute to the solution of moral problems, he has not charged with the task of approaching any but the factual aspects of these problems.Like other human beings, he encounters moral issues even in the every-day performance of his routine duties-he is not supposed to cook his experiments, manufacture evidence, or doctor his reports. (49) But his primary task is not to think about the moral code which governs his activity, any more than a businessman is expected to dedicate his energies to an exploration of rules of conduct in business.During most of his waking life he will take his code for granted, as the businessman takes his ethics.

这个定义排除了许多通常被称为知识分子的人，比如普通科学家。（48）我之所以把他排除在外，是因为，虽然他的成就可能有助于解决道德问题，但他除了处理这些问题的实际方面外，没有承担任何任务。和其他人一样，即使在日常工作中，他也会遇到道德问题——他不应该做实验，制造证据，或修改报告。（49）但他的首要任务不是思考支配其活动的道德准则，正如人们期望商人将精力投入探索商业行为规则一样。在他醒着的大部分时间里，他都会认为自己的准则是理所当然的，就像商人认为自己的道德一样。

The definition also excludes the majority of teachers, despite the fact that teaching has traditionally been the method whereby many intellectuals earn their living. (50) They may teach very well, and more than earn their salaries, but most of them make little or no independent reflections on human problems which involve moral judgment. This description even fits the majority of eminent scholars. Being learned in some branch of human knowledge is one thing; living in " public illustrious thoughts, " as Emerson would say, is something else.

这一定义还排除了大多数教师，尽管教学传统上是许多知识分子谋生的方式。（50）他们可能教得很好，不仅仅是挣工资，但他们中的大多数人很少或根本没有对涉及道德判断的人类问题进行独立思考。这种描述甚至适用于大多数知名学者。在人类知识的某个分支中学习是一回事；正如爱默生所说，生活在“公众的杰出思想”中是另一回事。