伪分布式集群是什么意思(redis集群分布式锁)

我用的是VM虚拟机，操作系统是RedHat7.9的系统进行jdk和Hadoop的安装实施，

本过程只是作测试和学习参考用。

1、添加hadoop新用户

useradd -m hadoop -s /bin/bash # 添加hadoop用户

passwd hadoop # 配置hadoop用户的密码

vi /etc/sudoers #编辑配置文件 在root后一行加入 hadoop ALL=(ALL) ALL ,为hadoop添加管理员权限

2、配置免密登录(root)用户操作

ssh-keygen -t rsa # 会有提示，都按回车就OK

cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub >> ~/.ssh/authorized_keys # 加入授权

chmod 0600 ~/.ssh/authorized_keys #添加权限

配置完成后，执行ssh hadoop(主机名）命令可以不用输入密码即可登录为配置成功分布式。

如查发现生成ssh-keygen报错，这是没有安装openssh造成的，用yum安装即可。

[root@hadoop dfs]# rpm -qa |grep openssh openssh-server-7.4p1-21.el7.x86_64 openssh-clients-7.4p1-21.el7.x86_64 openssh-7.4p1-21.el7.x86_64

3、配置JDK环境

下载JDK的安装包之后，将jdk安装到/usr/local/jdk 这个目录。

tar -zxvf /home/hadoop/download/jdk-8u212-linux-x64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/jdk/

添加环境变量

vi /etc/profile # 打开环境变量配置文件，添加下面的配置

# Java环境变量配置

expor锁t java_HOME=/usr/local/jdk

export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$JAVA_HOME/jre/bin:$PATH

# 配置完成后 执行下面命令是配置生效

source /etc/profile

顺便把HADOOP_HOME的环境变量也一起添加了

# hadoop环境变量配置

export HADOOP_HOME=/usr/local/hadoop

export PATH=$HADOOP_HOME/bin:$JAVA_HOME/sbin:$PATH

[root@hadoop download]# cat /etc/profile unset i unset -f pathmunge export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk/jdk1.8.0_212 export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH export HADOOP_HOME=/usr/local/hadoop/hadoop-3.1.3 export PATH=$HADOOP_HOME/bin:$PATH export PATH=$HADOOP_HOME/sbin:$PATH

JAVA环境是否配置成功，我们执行java -version 可以看到java相关的信息

[root@hadoop download]# java -version java version "1.8.0_212" Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_212-b10) Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.212-b10, mixed mode)

4、安装配置Hadoop

Hadoop NameNode格式化及运行测试，接下来对hadoop进行一些配置，使其能以伪分布式的方式运行。
进入到hadoo意思p的配置文件所在的目录

cd /usr/local/hadoop/etc/hadoop

1. 配置hadoop-env.sh

在该文件内配置JAVA_HOME 所示:

vi /usr/local/hadoop/hadoop-3.1.3/etc/hadoop/hadoop-env.sh ### # Generic settings for HADOOP ### # Technically, the only required environment variable is JAVA_HOME. # All others are optional. However, the defaults are probably not # preferred. Many sites configure these options outside of Hadoop, # such as in /etc/profile.d # The java implementation to use. By default, this environment # variable is REQUIRED on ALL platforms except OS X! export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk/jdk1.8.0_212 # Location of Hadoop. By default, Hadoop will attempt to determine # this location based upon its execution path. export HADO伪OP_HOME=/usr/local/hadoop/hadoop-3.1.3

JAVA_HOME设置为我们自己的jdk安装路径即可

1、配置hdfs-site.xml

hdfs-site.xml的内容改成下面的配置。

<configuration> <property> <name>dfs.replication</name> <value>1</value> </property> <property> <name>dfs.NameNode.name.dir</name> <value>file:/home/hadoop_data/dfs/name</value> </property> <property> <name>dfs.datanode.d分布式ata.dir</name> <value>file:/home/hadoop_data/dfs/data</value> </property> </configuration>

dfs.replication # 为文件保存副本的数量 dfs.namenode.name.diredisr # 为hadoop namenode数据目录，改成自己需要的目录（不存在需新建） dfs.datanode.data.dir # 为hadoop datanode数据目录，改成自己需要的目录（不存在需新建）

1、配置core-site.xml

core-site.xml的内容改成下面的配置。

<configuration> <property> <name>hadoop.tmp.dir</name> <value>file:/home/hadoop_data</value> </property> <property> <name>fs.defaultFS</name> <value>hdfs://hadoop:9000</value> </property> </configuration>

hadoop.tmp.dir # hadoop 缓存目录，更改为自己的目录（不存在需创建） fs.defaultFS # hadoop fs 监听端口配置 mkdir /home/hadoop_data/dfs/name mkdir /home/hadoop_data/dfs/data cd /home/hadoop_data/ chown -R hadoop:hadoop dfs && chmod -R 777 dfs

如果只需要HDFS，配置就完成，如果需要用到Yarn，还需要做YARN相关的配置。

1、配置mapred-site.xml

mapred-site.xml的内容改成下面的配置。

<configuration> <property> <name>mapreduce.framework.name</name> <value>yarn</value> </property> </configuration>

1、配置yarn-site.xml

yarn-site.xml的内容改成下面的配置。

<configuration> <!-- Site specific YARN configuration properties --> <property> <name>yarn.nodemanager.aux-services</name> <value>mapredredisuce_shuffle</value> </property> </configuration>

Hadoop格式化及启动

现在hadoop基础配置已经完成了，需要对Hadoop的namenode进行格式化，然后启动hadoop dfs服务。

1、NameNode格式化
我们跳转到hadoop的bin目录，并执行格式化命令

cd /usr/local/hadoop/bin ./hdfs namenode -format

执行结果如下图所示，当exit status 为0时，则为格式化成功。

此时我们的hadoop已经格式化成功了，接下来我们去启动我们hadoop。

进到hadoop下的sbin目录

cd /usr/local/hadoop/sbin ./start-dfs.sh # 启动HDFS ./start-yarn.sh # 启动YARN

执行./start-dfs.sh 如下图所示：

[hadoop@hadoop ~]$ stop-dfs.sh Stopping namenodes on [hadoop] Stopping datanodes Stopping secondary namenodes [hadoop] [hadoop@hadoop ~]$ start-dfs.sh Starting namenodes on [hadoop] Starting datanodes Starting secondary namenodes [hadoop] [hadoop@hadoop ~]$ jps 48336 Jps 48002 DataNode 48210 SecondaryNameNode 46725 NodeManager 46621 ResourceManager 47886 NameNode [hadoop@hadoop ~]$

还可以看日志看是不启动报错

[hadoop@hadoop logs]$ ls -rlt total 2528 -rw-rw-r--. 1 hadoop hadoop 0 Mar 17 23:15 SecurityAuth-hadoop.audit -rw-rw-r--. 1 hadoop hadoop 690 Mar 18 09:37 hadoop-hadoop-datanode-hadoop.out.5 -rw-rw-r--. 1 hadoop hadoop 690 Mar 18 09:38 hadoop-hadoop-secondarynamenode-hadoop.out.5 -rw-rw-r--. 1 hadoop hadoop 690 Mar 18 10:04 hadoop-hadoop-namenode-hadoop.out.5 -rw-rw-r--. 1 hadoop hadoop 690 Mar 18 10:04 hadoop-hadoop-datanode-hadoop.out.4 -rw-rw-r--. 1 hadoop hadoop 4124 Mar 18 10:05 hadoop-hadoop-seco集群ndarynamenode-hadoop.out.4 -rw-rw-r--. 1 hadoop hadoop 690 Mar 18 10:06 hadoop-hadoop-namenode-hadoop.out.4 -rw-rw-r--. 1 hadoop hadoop 690 Mar 18 10:06 hadoop-hadoop-datanode-hadoop.out.3 -rw-rw-r--. 1 hadoop hadoop 690 Mar 18 10:31 hadoop-hadoop-namenode-hadoop.out.3 -rw-rw-r--. 1 hadoop hadoop 121390 Mar 18 10:50 hadoop-hadoop-secondarynamenode-hadoop.out.3 -rw-rw-r--. 1 hadoop hadoop 690 Mar 18 10:51 hadoop-hadoop-namenode-hadoop.out.2 -rw-rw-r--. 1 hadoop hadoop 690 Mar 18 10:52 hadoop-hadoop-datanode-hadoop.out.2 -rw-rw-r--. 1 hadoop hadoop 690 Mar 18 10:52 hadoop-hadoop-secondarynamenode-hadoop.out.2 -rw-rw-r--. 1 hadoop hadoop 690 Mar 18 10:53 hadoop-hadoop-datanode-hadoop.out.1 -rw-rw-r--. 1 hadoop hadoop 690 Mar 18 10:54 hadoop-hadoop-secondarynamenode-hadoop.out.1 -rw-rw-r--. 1 hadoop hadoop 6151 Mar 18 10:55 hadoop-hadoop-namenode-hadoop.out.1 -rw-rw-r--. 1 hadoop hadoop 2215 Mar 18 14:42 hadoop-hadoop-resourcemanager-hadoop.out -rw-rw-r--. 1 hadoop hadoop 2199 Mar 18 14:43 hadoop-hadoop-nodemanager-hadoop.out -rw-rw-r--. 1 hadoop hadoop 41972 Mar 18 14:52 hadoop-hadoop-resourcemanager-hadoop.log -rw-rw-r--. 1 hadoop hadoop 37935 Mar 18 15:42 hadoop-hadoop-nodemanager-hadoop.log -rw-rw-r--. 1 hadoop hadoop 690 Mar 18 15:48 hadoop-hadoop-namenode-hadoop.out -rw-rw-r--. 1 hadoop hadoop 690 Mar 18 15:48 hadoop-hadoop-datanode-hadoop.out -rw-rw-r--. 1 hadoop hadoop 690 Mar 18 15:48 hadoop-hadoop-secondarynamenode-hadoop.out -rw-rw-r--. 1 hadoop hadoop 970190 Mar 18 15:48 hadoop-hadoop-datanode-hadoop.log drwxr-xr-x. 2 hadoop hadoop 6 Mar 18 15:48 userlogs -rw-rw-r--. 1 hadoop hadoop 572169 Mar 18 15:49 hadoop-hadoop-namenode-hadoo锁p.log -rw-rw-r--. 1 hadoop hadoop 656741 Mar 18 15:49 hadoop-hadoop-secondarynamenode-hadoop.log [hadoop@hadoop logs]$ pwd /usr/local/hadoop/hadoop-3.1.3/logs [hadoop@hadoop logs]$ tail -20f hadoop-hadoop-nameno是什么de-hadoop.log 2022-03-18 15:48:39,521 INFO org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.StateChange: BLOCK* registerDatanode: from DatanodeRegistration(192.168.10.248:9866, datanodeUuid=daafd206-fdfe-44cc-a1fc-8ac1279c5cda, infoPort=9864, infoSecurePort=0, ipcPort=9867, storageInfo=lv=-57;ci意思d=CID-f921bab0-7c73-44ef-bc61-ea81d176ec82;nsid=311459717;c=1647534325420) storage daafd206-fdfe-44cc-a1fc-8ac1279c5cda 2022-03-18 15:48:39,523 INFO org.apache.hadoop.net.NetworkTopology: Adding a new node: /default-rack/192.168.10.248:9866 2022-03-18 15:48:39,523 INFO org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.blockmanagement.BlockReportLeaseManager: Registered DN daafd206-fdfe-44cc-a1fc-8ac1279c5cda (192.168.10.248:9866). 2022-03-18 15:48:39,889 INFO org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.blockmanagement.DatanodeDescriptor: Adding new storage ID DS-6dd0b7dc-1fd0-488c-924b-76de306ac2cb for DN 192.168.10.248:9866 2022-03-18 15:48:40,062 INFO BlockStateChange: BLOCK* processReport 0xf15bae747aec7666: Processing first storage report for DS-6dd0b7dc-1fd0-488c-924b-76de306ac2cb from datanode daafd206-fdfe-44cc-a1fc-8ac1279c5cda 2022-03-18 15:48:40,065 INFO BlockStateChange: BLOCK* processReport 0xf15bae747aec7666: from storage DS-6dd0b7dc-1fd0-488c-924b-76de306ac2cb node DatanodeRegistration(192.168.10.248:9866, datanodeUuid=daafd206-fdfe-44cc-a1fc-8ac1279c5cda, infoPort=9864, infoSecurePort=0, ipcPort=9867, storageInfo=lv=-57;cid=CID-f921bab0-7c73-44ef-bc61-ea81d176ec82;nsid=311459717;c=1647534325420), blocks: 0, hasStaleStorage: false, processing time: 3 msecs, invalidatedBlocks: 0 2022-03-18 15:49:44,972 INFO org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.FSNamesystem: Roll Edit Log from 192.168.10.248 2022-03-18 15:49:44,972 INFO org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.FSEditLog: Rolling edit logs 2022-03-18 15:49:44,973 INFO org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.FSEditLog: Ending log segment 85, 85 2022-03-18 15:49:44,973 INFO org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.FSEditLog: Number of transactions: 2 Total time for transactions(ms): 2 Number of transactions batched in Syncs: 84 Number of syncs: 2 SyncTimes(ms): 130 2022-03-18 15:49:44,988 INFO org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.FSEditLog: Number of transactions: 2 Total time for transactions(ms): 2 Number of transactions batched in Syncs: 84 Number of syncs: 3 SyncTimes(ms): 144 2022-03-18 15:49:44,990 INFO org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.FileJournalManager: Finalizing edits伪 file /home/h集群adoop_data/dfs/name/current/edits_inprogress_0000000000000000085 -> /home/hadoop_data/dfs/name/current/edits_0000000000000000085-0000000000000000086 2022-03-18 15:49:44,992 INFO org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.FSEditLog: Starting log segment at 87 2022-03-18 15:49:45,514 INFO org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.TransferFsImage: Sending fileName: /home/hadoop_data/dfs/name/current/fsimage_0000000000000000083, fileSize: 533. Sent total: 533 bytes. Size of last segment intended to send: -1 bytes. 2022-03-18 15:49:45,641 INFO org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.TransferFsImage: Sending fileName: /home/hadoop_data/dfs/name/current/edits_0000000000000000084-0000000000000000084, fileSize: 1048576. Sent total: 1048576 bytes. Size of last segment intended to send: -1 bytes. 2022-03-18 15:49:45,744 INFO org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.TransferFsImage: Sending fileName: /home/hadoop_data/dfs/name/current/edits_0000000000000000085-0000000000000000086, fileSize: 42. Sent total: 42 bytes. Size of last segment intended to send: -1 bytes. 2022-03-18 15:49:46,668 INFO org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.common.Util: Combined time for file download and fsync to all disks took 0.00s. The file download took 0.00s at 0.00 KB/s. Synchronous (fsync) write to disk of /home/hadoop_data/dfs/name/current/fsimage.ckpt_0000000000000000086 took 0.00s. 2022-03-18 15:49:46,668 INFO org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.TransferFsImage: Downloaded file fsimage.ckpt_0000000000000000086 size 533 bytes. 2022-03-18 15:49:46,684 INFO org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.NNStorageRetentionManager: Going to retain 2 images with txid >= 83 2022-03-18 15:49:46,684 INFO org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.NNStorageRetentionManager: Purging old image FSImageFile(file=/home/hadoop_data/dfs/name/current/fsimage_0000000000000000081, cpktTxId=0000000000000000081)

这就是namenode启动成功，如查格式化两次就会出现datanode启动不成功，这是clusterID两次不致造成的，可以进入

-rw-rw-r--. 1 hadoop hadoop 229 Mar 18 15:48 VERSION drwx------. 4 hadoop hadoop 54 Mar 18 15:48 BP-301391941-192.168.10.248-1647534325420 [root@hadoop current]# cat VERSION #Fri Mar 18 15:48:38 CST 2022 storageID=DS-6dd0b7dc-1fd0-488c-924b-76de306ac2cb clusterID=CID-f921bab0-7c73-44ef-bc61-ea81d176ec82 cTime=0 datanodeUuid=daafd206-fdfe-44cc-a1fc-8ac1279c5cda storageType=DATA_NODE layoutVersion=-57 [root@hadoop current]# pwd /home/hadoop_data/dfs/data/current 修改cl是什么usterID和namenode节点的clusterID一样后，在重启hadoop服务

现在伪分布式hadoop集群已经部署成功了，如果启动hadoop的时候遇到了问题，可以查看对应的log文件查看是由什么问题引起的。
一般的问题如，未设置JAVA_HOME hadoopdata目录不存在，或者无权限等等。

现要在可以进入hadoop组件hdfs的UI界面:

现要在可以进入hadoop组件yarn的UI界面:

可能安装过成会遇到各样的问题，可是查看日志和搜索或是去官网站都可以找到解决的答案，我只是把做的过程记录出来了，以备后需。